Current computing technology is built on an essential dichotomy: fast volatile memory (RAM) and slower non-volatile storage (flash, SSDs, HDDs). This division has defined computer architecture for decades. But a project originating in the UK could change everything: UltraRAM, an emerging technology promising to combine the best of both worlds in a single device.
Researchers from Lancaster University, in collaboration with Warwick University, have developed and patented this concept that merges the persistence of data in flash memory with the speed, energy efficiency, and durability of DRAM. Simply put, it’s a single chip that doesn’t forget data when powered off and operates with RAM-like speed at the same time.
A Memory with Universal Aspirations
The potential of UltraRAM is summarized by the scientists themselves: “stores like a disk, functions like RAM.” Silicon-based prototypes have demonstrated an extended lifespan of up to 1,000 years, as well as resistance up to 1,000 times greater than current flash memory.
This means a device equipped with UltraRAM could easily overcome the wear issues of modern SSDs, which limit their write cycles, while also reducing energy consumption.
How Does UltraRAM Work?
The key lies in a novel structure called Triple Barrier Resonant Tunneling (TBRT), which uses layers of indium arsenide (InAs) and aluminum antimonide (AlSb) to control electron flow.
- Logic is based on the presence or absence of electrons in a floating gate (FG).
- Reading a bit state doesn’t alter the cell: the process is non-destructive, increasing reliability.
- State changes (programming or erasing) are achieved using very low electric pulses (±2.5 V), enabling ultra-low switching energies around 10⁻¹⁷ J, far below DRAM or flash.
In simpler terms: UltraRAM uses controlled quantum tunneling to efficiently move electrons, holding them for centuries without significant degradation.
Challenges and Commercial Development
Although initial results are promising, UltraRAM remains in the research and prototype phase. The devices built so far have been micrometric, and the next step is scaling this technology down to nanometric dimensions—a critical requirement for competing with traditional memory in density and cost.
To transition into industry, the company Quinas was founded in 2023 to refine manufacturing processes and scale it commercially. The main challenge: integrating UltraRAM into mass production processes compatible with the semiconductor industry.
A Significant Step Beyond Flash Memory
Laboratory studies have shown that UltraRAM on silicon surpasses earlier versions based on gallium arsenide (GaAs). According to Professor Manus Hayne, leading the project at Lancaster, this was a huge breakthrough:
“We overcame very significant material incompatibility challenges and created a silicon device that not only works but offers better results than previous versions.”
The potential impact is so substantial that UltraRAM was awarded in August 2023 as the “Most Innovative Flash Memory Startup” at the prestigious Flash Memory Summit.
Possible Applications
If UltraRAM reaches large-scale production, it could revolutionize multiple sectors:
- Computers and smartphones: simplifying architecture by removing the separation between RAM and storage.
- Data centers: drastically reducing energy consumption and increasing reliability.
- Internet of Things (IoT): enabling more efficient devices with longer lifespans.
- Robotics and automotive: providing faster, safer systems where high-speed non-volatile memory is critical.
When Will it Hit the Market?
It’s hard to predict. DRAM and flash memories have been refined over decades and are backed by industry giants. UltraRAM still needs to prove it can be manufactured at scale with competitive costs. Experts agree it might take between 5 and 10 years before it appears in commercial devices, assuming integration challenges are overcome.
FAQs
Will UltraRAM replace DRAM and flash?
In theory, yes. Since it combines speed, durability, and non-volatility. But practically, it depends on whether large-scale and cost-effective production can be achieved.
What advantages does UltraRAM have over flash memory?
It offers 1,000 times more resistance, an estimated lifespan of centuries, and hundreds of times lower power consumption during bit switching.
Is UltraRAM ready for use yet?
Not yet. Prototypes work in laboratories, but the technology remains experimental and in development.
Who is behind UltraRAM?
The project originated at Lancaster University with collaboration from Warwick University. Today, it is driven by the startup Quinas to bring it into industry.