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Docker is a widely used tool by developers and software engineers for creating, testing, and managing development environments that facilitate the running of their applications in containers. This container platform is fundamental in modern software development, allowing applications to be easily portable and capable of running in any environment without the need for modifications.
Below is a list of 20 essential Docker commands that every developer and system administrator should know to manage their containers efficiently.
What is Docker?
Docker is an open-source container platform that enables developers to create, manage, and run applications in containers. These containers include everything needed to run an application, such as the code, libraries, and configurations, making it easy to deploy applications across different environments without worrying about operating system dependencies.
Docker is fundamental for deploying scalable and efficient systems both in the cloud and on local servers. Additionally, it provides a cost-effective solution as it is more resource-efficient than traditional virtual machines.
20 Essential Docker Commands and What They Do
Here are the 20 most commonly used commands in Docker, along with their descriptions and usage examples.
1. docker run
This command is used to create and run containers. If the container does not exist yet, Docker will look for the image and download it. If the image does not exist locally, a new one will be created.
Example:
docker run --name nginx-container -p 8080:80 -d nginx
This will run a container with Nginx, mapping port 80 of the container to port 8080 of the host.
2. docker search
This command allows you to search for images on Docker Hub.
Example:
docker search nginx
This displays available Nginx images, including descriptions and popularity.
3. docker stop
This command stops a running container in a controlled manner.
Example:
docker stop nginx-container
4. docker rename
This command renames a container.
Example:
docker rename nginx-container new-nginx-container
5. docker restart
This command restarts a running container.
Example:
docker restart nginx-container
6. docker pause / unpause
This command pauses or resumes the execution of all processes within a container.
Example:
docker pause nginx-container
docker unpause nginx-container
7. docker kill
This command sends a forced termination signal to a container.
Example:
docker kill nginx-container
Generally used in emergencies when docker stop is not sufficient.
8. docker pull
This command downloads an image from a repository, such as Docker Hub.
Example:
docker pull ubuntu:latest
This downloads the latest version of the Ubuntu image.
9. docker ps
This command shows the running containers.
Example:
docker ps
To see all containers, including stopped ones, use docker ps -a.
10. docker login
This command logs in to Docker Hub or another Docker registry.
Example:
docker login
This will prompt you for your Docker Hub credentials.
11. docker commit
This command creates a new image from changes made to a container.
Example:
docker commit nginx-container my-nginx-image
12. docker exec
This command allows you to run commands inside a running container.
Example:
docker exec -it nginx-container bash
This will open an interactive terminal inside the nginx-container.
13. docker rmi
This command removes an image from the local system.
Example:
docker rmi nginx-image
14. docker cp
This command copies files or directories between a container and the host.
Example:
docker cp nginx-container:/path/to/file /host/path
15. docker logs
This command shows the logs of a running container.
Example:
docker logs nginx-container
16. docker info
This command displays information about the Docker system and host.
Example:
docker info
17. docker logout
This command logs out of Docker Hub or any registry you are using.
Example:
docker logout
18. docker inspect
This command shows detailed information about a container or image.
Example:
docker inspect nginx-container
19. docker history
This command shows the history of layers of a Docker image.
Example:
docker history nginx-image
20. docker push
This command uploads a local image to a Docker repository.
Example:
docker push my-nginx-image
This command uploads the image my-nginx-image to Docker Hub or the specified registry.
Summary: Docker Commands for Professionals
The commands mentioned above are some of the most commonly used in Docker, and mastering their use is essential to make the most of this powerful platform. While there are many other commands and variations you can use based on the specific needs of your project, these 20 commands will help you manage containers effectively in most cases.
What commands do you use most frequently? Every development environment is different, so it’s important to learn and experiment with these commands to see which are most useful in your workflow. Let us know in the comments how you use Docker and what your most frequently used command is!